Bacteria of the genus Campylobacter cause a variety of inflammatory conditions of which acute diarrheal diseases are the most common. They specially affect compromised hosts and these infections may have late non-suppurative sequelae. The principal diarrheal pathogen is Campylobacter jejuni which accounts for 80-90% of all cases & mainly affects children and young adults. Campylobacter fetus affects individuals at extremes of ages and is the main causative agent of extra-intestinal illnesses. Systemic infections are most common in persons of high risk like those with AIDS, hypogammaglobulinemia, neoplasia, liver disease, Diabetes mellitus, generalized atherosclerosis, neonates & pregnant women. Campylobacter infections even if asymptomatic, are associated with growth stunting.